The Paris Agreement is a landmark agreement that was adopted by 196 countries in 2015 to combat climate change. The agreement aims to limit global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels and pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.

However, not all countries have signed the Paris Agreement, either due to their own political reasons or their lack of resources to contribute to the goals set by the agreement. Here are some of the countries that have not signed the Paris Agreement:

1. Iran

Iran has not signed the Paris Agreement, citing that the country needs to focus on its economic development and growth. However, it has taken some steps towards reducing its greenhouse gas emissions, such as promoting the use of renewable energy sources like wind and solar power.

2. Libya

Libya also has not signed the Paris Agreement, citing that the country is still in a state of unrest and that it is not a priority compared to the country`s other pressing issues. However, Libya has committed to reducing its greenhouse gas emissions through its national action plan.

3. Turkey

Turkey has not signed the Paris Agreement due to its own political reasons. It believes that the agreement unfairly targets developing countries and gives more benefits to developed nations. Turkey has been taking measures to reduce its emissions, however, with the increase in industrialization, it has become one of the top emitters in the world.

4. United States

The United States, under the Trump administration, withdrew from the Paris Agreement in 2019, citing that it was a bad deal for the country and could hinder its economic growth. This decision was met with strong criticism both domestically and internationally as the United States is one of the largest emitters in the world.

5. Eritrea

Eritrea is the only African country that has not signed the Paris Agreement. The country has been experiencing political and economic instability, which has hindered its ability to focus on mitigating climate change.

The lack of participation from some countries in the Paris Agreement can have a significant impact on the success of the agreement in achieving its goals. It is important for these countries to recognize the importance of mitigating climate change and take measures to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions.